![]() ![]() Maia is not as prominent as other gods and godesses with months named in their honor. The month is associated with goddess Maia. MayĪlthough may is a commonly used verb, it is not related to the month of May. Still, others believe that the name originated from the Greek goddess of love, Aphrodite. Other sources claim that the word originated from Latin word “aperire” which translates to “open” since buds and flowers opened around this time. There are three theories based on the origin of the name “April.” Some sources say that April originated from a Latin word for “second” since it was the second month in the 10-month ancient Roman calendar. March was named Martius after Mars, the god of war. The celebration was referred to as the Festival of Mars. At this time, the wars ceased and the celebration between the old and the New Year began. March was always the beginning of the year in ancient Rome due to its association with the Spring season. This article focuses on the naming of the months and the meaning of their names. At this time, he also changed the beginning of the year to January. The months of January and February were added by Numa Pompilius around 700 BCE. Have you ever wondered where the names of calendar months came from? Interestingly, the ancient Romans year had only ten months with their year beginning in March and ending in December. Diocletian (reign 284 to 305 A.D.What Are The Calendar Months Named After? Today's calendar is based on the ancient Roman 10-month calendar. And, many historians believe, it would plant the seed in the minds of foreign nations that the previously “unconquerable” nation of Rome could indeed be toppled. Rome’s inability to rescue its own sovereign would deal a seismic blow to the mystique of power the Romans held over the world. The emperor went on to die in captivity under unknown circumstances. The unprecedented capture sent shockwaves through the Roman Empire, only to be exacerbated by the fact Valerian was never rescued. In 260 A.D., after the Battle of Edessa against the Persians, Valerian (a notorious persecutor of Christians) became the first Roman emperor to be taken as a prisoner of war. Publius Licinius Valerianus makes the influential list less for what he did than what was done to him. His book Meditations is largely regarded as a literary masterpiece. A fervent adherent of Stoicism-a Hellenistic school of philosophy that claimed that becoming a clear and unbiased thinker was key to gaining universal reason-the emperor (who was famously portrayed in the Oscar-winning Gladiator) is widely regarded as one of history’s most essential philosophers. Known as the “emperor-philosopher,” emperor Marcus Aurelius Antoninus produced writings now considered philosophical canon. After his murder at the hands of dozens of members of the senate, Rome officially transitioned from a democracy to an imperial society. These reforms made Caesar increasingly popular with Rome’s commoners while alienating him from its elite (and leading to his eventual infamous assassination). As leader of the Roman Republic, Caesar increased the size of the senate to represent more Roman citizens, established the Julian calendar (the 365-day, 12-month calendar still in use worldwide), granted Roman citizenship to all those living under Roman rule and redistributed wealth among the poor. ![]() Aside from being a successful general, conquering Spain and Gaul-feats that greatly expanded the size, power and wealth of Rome-Caesar enacted a number of foundational reforms that would set up the oncoming Roman Empire. But it’s impossible to tell the story of Rome (or its eventual transition from a republic to an empire, without mentioning Julius Caesar. Technically, as the last ruler of Rome’s Republican era, Gaius Julius Caesar was never recognized as an emperor. Over that time, Rome was ruled by scores of kings, dictators and emperors who expanded it from a small city to an empire spanning nearly 2 million square miles and consisting of, historians estimate, anywhere from 50 to 90 million inhabitants. So who exactly left an indelible mark on ancient Rome?įrom its inception to its collapse in 476 A.D., ancient Rome had three distinct periods: Regal Rome, (753–509 B.C.), when monarchs ruled Republican Rome (509–27 B.C.), when Roman elected its governors and Imperial Rome (27 B.C.–476 A.D.), when a supreme ruler oversaw the empire, and in early years did so alongside the elected senate. The more-than-1,000-year span of influence that began with the founding of Rome in 753 B.C. While its influence on western civilization, in particular, has been ubiquitous, its remnants can be found virtually everywhere, from our calendar and political systems to our alphabet. ![]() Few periods in history have had a greater impact on humankind than that of ancient Rome. ![]()
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